Polio remains a critical global public health concern, particularly with the resurgence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2). In Botswana, the detection of cVDPV2 in environmental surveillance in 2022 and 2023 highlighted vulnerabilities in population immunity. In response, the Botswana National Immunization Technical Advisory Group, BOTSNITAG conducted a rigorous review of scientific evidence, concluding that introducing a second IPV dose would substantially increase immunity among children under two years of age.