Publications

Ethiopia continues to face multiple, concurrent outbreaks and humanitarian emergencies of varying scale and complexity. The country is currently responding to two Grade 3 emergencies — the Sudan Refugee Crisis and Mpox outbreak — both requiring significant multisectoral coordination and international support.

In addition, three protracted emergencies remain active: the cholera outbreak (Protracted Grade 3), the Northern Ethiopia Humanitarian Crisis (Protracted Grade 2), and COVID-19 (Protracted Grade 2). These prolonged crises continue to exert pressure on the health system, particularly in conflict-affected and hard-to-reach areas.

Other ongoing public health emergencies include polio (cVDPV2, Grade 2) and dengue (Protracted Grade 2), both of which necessitate continuous surveillance and targeted response interventions.

Six ungraded emergencies are also being monitored and responded to at national and subnational levels, including measles, malaria, suspected anthrax, suspected meningitis, earthquakes, and intercommunal conflict. While these are not graded, they continue to impact communities and strain the health system.

Collectively, these overlapping emergencies underscore the need for sustained coordination, resource mobilization, and health system strengthening to ensure effective preparedness, response, and recovery across Ethiopia.